These types of diagrams were often included in Bibles until recent times.
The first century Jewish historian Josephus had this to say about the creation:
After this, on the second day, he placed the heaven over the whole world, and separated it from the other parts; and he determined it should stand by it self. He also placed a cristalline (firmament) round it; and put it together in a manner agreeable to the earth; and fitted it for giving moisture and rain, and for affording the advantage of dews.
Flavius Josephus of the Antiquities of the Jews — Book I Chapter 1 Containing the interval of 3833 Years. From the Creation to the Death of Isaac.